Design and Performance Optimization of a Compact Super-Wideband Fractal Antenna for Next-Generation 5G Wireless Network
Keywords:
Super-wideband fractal antenna, Compact antenna, 5G wireless networks, Bandwidth enhancement, Low-latency communications, Radiation efficiencyAbstract
The rapid deployment of fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems has created a strong demand for compact antenna structures capable of supporting wide bandwidth, stable radiation characteristics, and high data-rate communication. However, achieving super-wideband performance within a compact footprint remains challenging due to inherent trade-offs among size, impedance matching, and radiation efficiency. In this work, a compact super-wideband fractal antenna is designed and optimized for next-generation 5G wireless applications. The proposed antenna employs a space-filling fractal geometry that introduces multi-scale current paths, enabling significant bandwidth enhancement while maintaining a low-profile and compact structure. The antenna is implemented on a planar dielectric substrate and excited through an optimized feeding configuration to ensure wideband impedance matching. A systematic design evolution and parametric optimization are carried out to refine key geometrical parameters, resulting in improved impedance bandwidth, stable gain, and consistent radiation behavior. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations confirm super-wideband operation with omnidirectional radiation patterns and satisfactory efficiency across the operating band. Surface current and group delay analyses further verify the antenna’s broadband and low-latency characteristics. Comparative results demonstrate that the proposed design offers an effective balance between compactness and performance, making it a strong candidate for future 5G wireless devices.
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