Unpacking the Gendered Landscape of Mental Health Among University Students in Pakistan: Exploring the Interplay of Sociocultural Norms, Differential Stressors, Coping Mechanisms, and Access to Support

Abstract

Mental health issues among university students in Pakistan have gained increasing attention, particularly in the context of gendered experiences of stress and mental health challenges. This paper explores the complex intersection of sociocultural norms, differential stressors, gender-specific coping mechanisms, and access to mental health support in shaping the mental health landscape among university students in Pakistan. Drawing from a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to investigate how male and female students experience mental health challenges differently and the ways in which sociocultural expectations impact their mental well-being. The findings suggest that while both genders experience significant academic and social stress, women are disproportionately affected by gendered expectations, societal pressures, and a lack of institutional support. Gender-specific coping mechanisms and access to mental health services also differ substantially between male and female students. The study highlights the need for gender-sensitive approaches to mental health support in universities, ensuring equitable access to services and addressing the socio-cultural barriers that disproportionately affect female students' mental health. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving mental health resources and creating a more supportive and inclusive academic environment for all students in Pakistan.